Top 10 Web Security Vulnerabilities

Here’s the OWASP Top 10 list of the most common and critical web application vulnerabilities:

1. Broken Access Control: Access restrictions are not properly enforced, allowing unauthorized users to access protected resources.
2. Cryptographic Failures: Sensitive data is not adequately protected through encryption or proper key management practices.
3. Injection: Malicious data injection, such as SQL injection attacks, allows attackers to execute unintended commands.
4. Insecure Design: Security flaws exist due to poor application design, potentially exposing vulnerabilities.
5. Security Misconfiguration: Misconfigurations in servers, frameworks, or applications make the site vulnerable to attacks.
6. Vulnerable and Outdated Components: Use of outdated or vulnerable libraries and components with known weaknesses.
7. Identification and Authentication Failures: Flaws in authentication systems, potentially enabling brute-force attacks.
8. Software and Data Integrity Failures: Poor protection against data manipulation, often via insecure third-party dependencies.
9. Security Logging and Monitoring Failures: Lack of logging or monitoring, making it difficult to detect attacks in progress.
10. Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): The application makes unsecured requests to internal resources, potentially exposing sensitive data.

For more details, refer to the official OWASP Top 10 page: OWASP Top 10.